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Priority List of Adverse Events of Special Interest for
Marburg Virus
The SPEAC Executive Board welcomes input on this AESI list and will update it periodically. Please share input with the SPEAC and Brighton Collaboration team at bc-coordinator@taskforce.org.
This list of potential Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) that could follow vaccines to prevent Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) was developed based on criteria established by the Safety Platform for Emergency Vaccines (SPEAC), which include:- A known association with immunization or a specific vaccine platform.
- The occurrence during wild-type disease due to viral replication and/or immunopathogenesis.
- A theoretical association derived from animal models.
Note: Several AESI highlighted in gray are included due to their presence in MVD itself but are only relevant for possible live-attenuated vaccines (e.g. live attenuated MARV, measles vector, etc). These are not recommended to include for all platforms, e.g. Adenovirus-vectored vaccines.
This list is based on available data for MVD vaccines, for consideration in deployment of investigational MVD vaccines in response to the 2024 outbreak in Rwanda. Adaptions may be needed depending on the application.
View the list below, and download it from our Zenodo site.
AESI: Myocarditis / Pericarditis
Specific to Marburg disease:
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to Vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: See FDA Toxicity Grading Scales†
Brighton CD Companion Guide: See FDA Toxicity Grading Scales†
AESI: Pancreatitis
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to Vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: TBD
Brighton CD Companion Guide: TBD
Specific to Marburg disease: ✅*, §
Specific to Vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: TBD
Brighton CD Companion Guide: TBD
Specific to Marburg disease:
Brighton Case Definition: NO**
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO**
AESI: Vaccine-associated Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT)
Specific to vaccine: Ad-vectored
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Thrombocytopenia
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: All
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Venous thromboembolism (VTE)
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated vaccines
Brighton Case Definition: TBD
Brighton CD Companion Guide: TBD
AESI: Anaphylaxis
Specific to vaccine: All vaccines
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Acute aseptic arthritis
Specific to vaccine: VSV-vectored
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Severe MARV infection (ARDS; AKI with KDIGO ≥2; NEWS2≥7; LFTs≥3X upper limit of normal; shock; multisystem organ failure; death)†† or enhanced disease§§
Specific to Marburg disease: *,††
Specific to vaccine: All vaccines §§
Brighton Case Definition: NO
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Acute Encephalitis
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Myelitis
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: All vaccines
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: ADEM
Specific to vaccine: Ad-vectored
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Generalized convulsion
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: All vaccines
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Guillain Barré Syndrome
Specific to vaccine: Some vaccines
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
Specific to Marburg disease: *, §, ¶¶
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: NO
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: NO
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
Specific to Marburg disease:
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
Specific to Marburg disease: *
Specific to vaccine: Live-attenuated
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
AESI: Single organ cutaneous vasculitis
Specific to vaccine: VSV-vectored
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: pending
AESI: Stillbirth
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access †††
Brighton CD Companion Guide: YES
AESI: Spontaneous abortion / Miscarriage
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Antenatal hemorrhage
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
AESI: Preeclampsia / Eclampsia
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access §§§
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
AESI: Congenital anomalies
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO
AESI: Preterm birth
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: Click to access
Brighton CD Companion Guide: Click to access
AESI: Febrile seizure¶¶¶
Specific to Marburg disease:
Specific to vaccine: Any vaccine
Brighton Case Definition: NO****
Brighton CD Companion Guide: NO****
Priority List of Adverse events of special interest for
Mpox
† Recommend applying FDA 2007 Toxicity Grading Scales: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/toxicity-grading-scale-healthy-adult-and-adolescent-volunteers-enrolled-preventive-vaccine-clinical#:~:text=Toxicity%20Grading%20Scale%20for%20Healthy%20Adult%20and%20Adolescent
§ Late sequela of MVD with evidence of viral persistence in tissue.
¶ Hemorrhagic disease should have clinical evidence of spontaneous bleeding
** Evidence of spontaneous bleeding would suggest hemorrhagic disease. Evidence of spontaneous bleeding includes ≥ 1 of: bruising, purpura, epistaxis, petechiae, hematuria, hematemesis, hematoma, hematochezia, persistent bleeding from venipuncture sites, hemorrhagic oozing of skin lesion, conjunctival bleeding, vaginal bleeding (unless menstruating), occult bleeding from rectum, intracranial bleeding. These are included in the CD for thrombocytopenia; and the Companion Guide for thrombocytopenia has a glossary of terms relevant to spontaneous bleeding.
†† Organ involvement may present individually; severe infection would result in multisystem involvement.
§§ Theoretical concern about enhanced disease due to binding Abs to MARV antigens.
¶¶ One case report (Johannesburg ex Zimbabwe: Gear JSS, BMJ 1975 ); and evidence in Ebola virus disease.
*** Guidelines for data collection exists as part of the GAIA project: https://brightoncollaboration.org/global-alignment-of-immunization-safety-assessment-in-pregnancy-gaia/
††† The Stillbirth CD publication update is pending.
§§§ BC CD for hypertensive disorder of pregnancy
¶¶¶ Age-based risk for children aged ≤ 5 y.
**** BC tools exist for Generalized convulsive seizure and Fever.
Cite the Marburg AESI list:
Brighton Collaboration SPEAC Project. (2024). Priority List of Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESI) for Marburg Virus Disease Vaccines (V1.1). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890053 (PDF of AESI list can be downloaded from Zenodo).